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Alternative Operating Systems & Computer Languages




Assembly
DOS
FreeBSD
Linux
Macintosh
Unix




Assembly


Programming from the Ground Up Book - This is an introductory book to programming and computer science using assembly language. It assumes the reader has never programmed before, and introduces the concepts of variables, functions, and flow control. The reason for using assembly language is to get the reader thinking in terms of how the computer actually works underneath. Knowing how the computer works from a "bare-metal" standpoint is often the difference between top-level programmers and programmers who can never quite master their art.

The book has finally been completed. You can download it from the "files" section or order a printed version online at http://www.cafeshops.com/bartlettpublish.8640017

In addition, this book is being used this semester in the Princeton University COS 217 course. You can read the syllabus at
http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring04/cos217
* 04/23/2004




DOS


My Favorite, My First, DOS! I learned on DOS 3.3 in 1992 Winter semester at S.F.C.C. (Ummm...I wrote for the Panther Purr and even took a few pictures and a couple of videos for the group.)


Caldera Opendos is an MS-DOS compatible operating system, the descendant of DR DOS and Novell DOS. It can replace the MS-DOS system, and it's free for non-commercial usage. The full version (with additional networking capabilities) should be registered at the Caldera's Web site. The registration is free, they just want to know about thir users... The registration of the Lite version is not reuired. Starting from the earlier version (called Novell DOS 7) there was a built-in task switcher. Now Caldera extended this feature by providing some kind of multitasking features.* 04/29/2004


Chapter 351 - The valuable DOS Freeware page Links to valuable free Dos programs working on low equipped computers.* 12/27/2002


DOS Command Index - Information about all current DOS commands - From the book - DOS the Easy Way by Everett Murdock Ph.D.* A great site for DOS Commands and explanations! 12/27/2002


FreeDOS aims to be a complete, free, 100% MS-DOS compatible operating system.* You can check out their list of projects included with the FreeDOS distribution. Here's the page for copy of FreeDOS and/or the individual files. Bootable CD or Floppy. 05/26/2003


Free Software For DOS - Reviews, descriptions, links to over 700 DOS programs (no games). Freeware and free-for-private-use shareware listed.* 12/27/2002


Garbo MS-DOS at Garbo PC-archives. Another great collection of DOS utilities. 12/27/2002


MS-DOS info available at WindowsReinstall.com. 12/27/2002


OpenDOS - The FSN abbreviation stands for Free Software Network. It can clearly seen from it, that our goal is to distribute free software, help people and organizations who work on them and to provide infrastructural background and other services. For more informations about this project, see its webpage: http://www.fsn.hu/* They have a LOT more software available in their Public Directory! 04/29/2004


Simtel.net - Numerous DOS System Utilities available here, and much more.


The T-Utils are a collection of utilities for DOS, which make DOS-life easier. Some of them are additions to the DOS commands, and some are replacements. All the T-Utils are FREEWARE, which means you can use and distriubute them absolutely for free!* 04/21/2004


The Useful Site for DOS - This page features the best DOS tips and utilities to make using DOS as fast and efficent as possible. It also has links to other DOS related sites on the internet. - They have a collection of Essential DOS Utilities, Best Tips, and Internet Links. However, the DOS Forums are no longer available.* 04/21/2004


WordPerfect for DOS under Windows - WordPerfect 5.1 and 6.x for DOS can be used without difficulty under all versions of Windows, and with the FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS file systems, although later releases of 6.x are somewhat more compatible than early ones. This page includes suggestions follow for making WPDOS and Windows more compatible with each other, and for maximizing the performance of WPDOS under Windows.* 09/17/2004




FreeBSD


BSD Central - The /root for BSD Resources.*


BSD Driver Database - Just because you don't have the time to write the driver yourself doesn't mean you can't still help. The idea behind the BSD Driver Database is to help individuals with hardware that needs supporting get in touch with driver developers with the knowledge to write the support for the hardware. This is a list of drivers currently under development that could stand to gain from time or resources you may have to offer.*


BSD.org - This page is intended to provide a variety of resources for users of the various commercial and freely-available bsd operating systems.*


BSD Today - Your Daily Source for BSD News and Information.* Another Internet.com company.


Dæmon News - Bringing You BSD - Our goal is to make BSD more accessible, both to current users and those who have yet to try it. To that end, we've created and collected many useful resources for you. While many of you are familiar with our ezine and daily news sites, we'd also like to point out our print magazine and BSD mall. The magazine has original content of interest to BSD users and developers, while the mall carries a large selection of products that you also may find useful. We ship our products worldwide, and sell everything from operating system CD subscriptions to fully-downloadable security manuals, BSD clothes to RAID cards. If there is anything we can do to better serve the BSD community, please let us know.*


The FreeBSD Project - FreeBSD is an advanced operating system for x86 compatible, DEC Alpha, and PC-98 architectures. It is derived from BSD UNIX, the version of UNIX developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a large team of individuals. Additional platforms are in various stages of development.*


NetBSD - NetBSD is a free, secure, and highly portable UNIX-like operating system available for many platforms, from 64-bit AlphaServers and desktop systems to handheld and embedded devices. It's clean design and advanced features make it excellent in both production and research environments, and it is user-supported with complete source. Many applications are easily available.*


OpenBSD - The OpenBSD project produces a FREE, multi-platform 4.4BSD-based UNIX-like operating system. Our efforts emphasize portability, standardization, correctness, proactive security and integrated cryptography. OpenBSD supports binary emulation of most programs from SVR4 (Solaris), FreeBSD, Linux, BSD/OS, SunOS and HP-UX. One remote hole in the default install, in nearly 6 years!*


Slashdot's BSD News & Reviews. News for nerds. Stuff that matters.*


Wind River BSD/OS Internet Server Edition 4.3 - BSD/OS Internet Server Edition 4.3 is an excellent alternative to proprietary systems for Internet services such as http, ftp, email, and dialup. It provides superior reliability with extended up times for use in mission-critical applications. BSD/OS Internet Server Edition 4.3 supports Intel Architecture platforms, and is reliable, high-performance, and cost-effective. It is a complete software package including an operating system, tools and services for ISPs and corporate intranets. BSD/OS Internet Server 4.3 provides state-of-the-art Internet functionality while enhancing the reliability, support and performance for which BSD/OS is so well known.*




Linux


DistroWatch web site - The DistroWatch web site was first published on 31 May 2001. The concept started as a very simple table comprising of 5 major distributions and the chart only compared a few features (price, version, release date) and a few package versions (Kernel, KDE, Gnome, XFree86, Apache). Trying to make it slightly more comprehensive and useful (and failing to find anything similar and up-to-date on the Internet), I have kept adding more distributions, features and packages until the table reached fairly reasonable state in terms of information provided. At that stage, I decided to share the table with the Linux community worldwide and moved it from a spreadsheet into an HTML document.* Updated: 07/23/2004


freshmeat maintains the Web's largest index of Unix and cross-platform software, themes and related "eye-candy", and Palm OS software. Thousands of applications, which are preferably released under an open source license, are meticulously cataloged in the freshmeat database, and links to new applications are added daily. Each entry provides a description of the software, links to download it and to obtain more information, and a history of the project's releases, so readers can keep up-to-date on the latest developments.* They have an About page that describes the servers and such they're using. Be ready to drool!


Kernel Traffic is a weekly newsletter covering some activities of linux-kernel. Linux-kernel is the kernel development mailing list, where Linus Torvalds, Alan Cox and a lot of other amazing programmers from around the world share patches, argue about implementation details, discuss the news of the day, and generally make history.*


KNOPPIX is a bootable CD with a collection of GNU/Linux software, automatic hardware detection, and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and USB devices and other peripherals. KNOPPIX can be used as a Linux demo, educational CD, rescue system, or adapted and used as a platform for commercial software product demos. It is not necessary to install anything on a hard disk. Due to on-the-fly decompression, the CD can have up to 2 GB of executable software installed on it.* 02/29/2004


Knoppix-STD is a customized distribution of the Knoppix Live Linux CD. Boot to the CD and you have Knoppix-STD. That would include a customized linux kernel (2.4.21 with ntfs rw, openmosix, and superfreeswan patches), Fluxbox windows manager, incredible hardware detection and hundreds of applications. Boot without the CD and you return to your original operating system. Aside from borrowing power, peripherals and some RAM, Knoppix-STD doesn't touch the host computer.

STD focuses on information security and network management tools. It is meant to be used by both the novice looking to learn more about information security and the security professional looking for another swiss army knife for their tool kit.
* 02/29/2004


The Linux Documentation Project - The Linux Documentation Project (LDP) is working on developing good, reliable documentation for the Linux operating system. The overall goal of the LDP is to collaborate in taking care of all of the issues of Linux documentation, ranging from online documentation (man pages, HTML, and so on) to printed manuals covering topics such as installing, using, and running Linux. Here is the Linux Documentation Project Manifesto and Copyright License for LDP works.* They also have instructions on creating a Linux Boot Disk. This document describes how to design and build boot/root diskettes for Linux. These disks can be used as rescue disks or to test new system components. You should be reasonably familiar with system administration tasks before attempting to build a bootdisk. If you just want a rescue disk to have for emergencies, see Appendix A.1.* 05/18/2003


Linuxfest Northwest - LFNW is a showcase for what Northwest Linux users are doing with Linux and open source software. It's a place for Linux enthusiasts to get together to share their passion for what good software can do.

LFNW is brought to life by Linux users throughout the northwest, including the Bellingham, Tacoma, Seattle, Kitsap Peninsula, Victoria, Vancouver BC Linux Users Groups, and hosted by the Bellingham Technical College.
* 04/28/2004


Linux Gazette - Linux Gazette™, a member of the Linux Documentation Project, is an on-line WWW publication dedicated to two simple ideas: making Linux just a little more fun and sharing ideas and discoveries.*

LinuxHQ - The Linux Information Headquarters! They have a decent list of various distros too.


Linux Journal - The Premier Magazine of the Linux Community.*


LinuxLinks.com - Linux Links is a collection of approximately 20,000 links to essential Linux web pages. Reviewers at Linux Links list the latest Linux sites through exhaustive searches on the net. Additional links are also provided from Linux enthusiasts.

Editors at Linux Links sort the links into organised categories which make finding a relevant site easy. Because all sites are entered manually and are reviewed on a regular basis, Linux Links is up to date. Links are deleted from the site when they are no longer active.
* 02/29/2004


Linux Magazine - Open Source. Open Standards.*


Linuxnewbie.org strives to bring users of all levels the most current information on Linux! We invite you to peruse the huge online forum, where you can get your questions answered in a helpful manner from users who have been in your shoes before! Also, be sure to browse our collection of Newbieized Help Files (NHFs), our unique method of documentation that provides answers in a simple, direct format!*


Linux Online - Linux is a free Unix-type operating system originally created by Linus Torvalds with the assistance of developers around the world. Developed under the GNU General Public License, the source code for Linux is freely available to everyone.* This site has a lot of great information about Linux including Linus Torvalds pronouncing "Linux." It's a Must See Site!


LinuxPlanet - They have some great looking Tutorials and Reviews!


PCLinuxOS 2k4 Preview 5 (1.20.04) is an english only live Knoppix style cd initially based on Mandrake 9.2 that runs entirely from a bootable CD. Data on the CD is uncompressed on the fly, allowing up to 2 GB worth of system and programs on one CD including a complete X server, KDE 3.1.4, Gnome 2.4 and Fluxbox, and large packages like OpenOffice 1.1 final and Mozilla 1.6 plus plugins.

Since it runs solely off the CD, PCLinuxOS makes an excellent portable Linux demo or system rescue disk, but its completeness makes it a good general purpose desktop as well. PCLinuxOS should work on most modern computer hardware. PCLinuxOS is currently under heavy development and should be considered beta software. A beta installer has been included to provide a way to install PCLinuxOS to your hard drive provided pclos is compatible with your hardware. USBkey support is also in the works.
* 02/29/2004


Scot Finnie presents - New! Tips for Linux Apprentices: Check Your Linux 'ISO' - Welcome to a new, recurring section of Scot's Newsletter called Tips for Linux Apprentices. It's become clear to me that a growing percentage of Windows users (including me) are interested in at least dabbling with Linux. You may not be ready to chuck Windows just yet, but it can't hurt to educate yourself either.

Tips for Linux Apprentices is aimed at Windows users who would like help figuring out how to download, install, configure, and use Linux. The plan is to offer a new installment of this series in every issue of Scot's Newsletter.
* Click here to read more... 06/17/2003


SystemRescueCD - SystemRescueCd is a linux system on a bootable cdrom for repairing your system and your data after a crash. It also aims to provide an easy way to carry out admin tasks on your computer, such as creating and editing the partitions of the hard disk. It contains a lot of system utilities (parted, partimage, fstools, ...) and basic ones (editors, midnight commander, network tools). It aims to be very easy to use: just boot from the cdrom, and you can do everything. The kernel of the system supports most important file systems (ext2/ext3, reiserfs, xfs, jfs, vfat, ntfs, iso9660), and network ones (samba and nfs).* This is an Up & Coming Rescue CD worth adding to your Toolbox!! 06/20/2004


Xandros Desktop OS is an intuitive graphical environment that works right out of the box and offers unrivaled compatibility with Microsoft Windows. The new Xandros Business Desktop OS adds enterprise-class Active Directory and PDC authentication to the peer-to-peer Windows networking found in the consumer editions.* 04/28/2004


XPde Desktop Environment - On March 22nd 2004, the XPde Team released XPde 0.5.0, a complete new rewrite of the XPde desktop environment. What is XPde? It's a desktop environment (XPde) and a window manager (XPwm) for Linux. It tries to make easier for Windows XP users to use a Linux box. Nothing more, no clipboard compatibility between Gtk and Qt applications, no emulation of Windows applications, no unification on the widgets of X applications, just a desktop environment and a window manager.* 04/27/2004




Macintosh


Mac OS X - Referred to by its code name, Jaguar, Mac OS X v10.2 is a different breed of operating system. Jaguar combines the rock-solid reliability of UNIX with the ease of use of Macintosh. This version of Mac OS X is as innovative as the computers that run it. And whether you’re a Mac user who’s upgrading, a Windows user who’s looking at switching to the Mac or a UNIX user who loves the idea of using key applications like Microsoft Office on top of a state-of-the art BSD UNIX implementation, this is the OS for you.

Mac OS X v10.2 contains over 150 new features and provides significant enhancements to its modern, UNIX-based foundation. From AOL-compatible instant messaging to advanced junk mail filtering to a revolutionary web search tool, Mac OS X is as innovative as the computers that run it.

MACWORLD EXPO, SAN FRANCISCO — January 7, 2003 — Apple today announced that it is entering 2003 with more than 5 million active Mac OS X users and more than 5,000 native Mac OS X applications. This year also marks the first “All Mac OS X” Macworld Expo with every developer on the show floor featuring Mac OS X products.

“Mac OS X really came of age with the release of Jaguar last fall, and since then the momentum has been off the charts,” said Steve Jobs, Apple’s CEO. “With more than 5 million of our users running Mac OS X, and more than 5,000 native applications, we can now say that the Mac OS X transition is nearly complete.”

We hope you’re enjoying Mac OS X, and we’re happy that you’re taking the time to visit our Feedback Page and share your comments with us.

Use the form below to send us your comments. We read all feedback carefully, but please note that we cannot respond to the comments you submit.

Looking for Mac OS X support? Please check our Mac OS X support page, where you’ll find lots of useful information.
*

Mac OS 9 Support Page, downloads available for Max OS X v10.2 and Support for all Apple Products05/30/2003




Unix


Cygwin is a Linux-like environment for Windows. It consists of two parts:

The Cygwin DLL works with all non-beta, non "release candidate", ix86 versions of Windows since Windows 95, with the exception of Windows CE. There have also been reports of problems on Windows Server 2003. A copy of Windows Server 2003 has been donated and we will be looking into problems soon. Help, contact, web page, other info... Historical cygwin info...*08/06/2003




*These sites have been quoted directly as I believe what they say about their sites or they already know what to say, better than I do.
These names and logos belong to and are copyrighted or trademarked by the site owners.



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